The Performance of the Job Loss Security Scheme in Indonesia: A Systematic Literature Review and Bibliometric Analysis
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Issue
Vol. 20 No. 2 (2025)
Keywords:
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unemployment insurance, bibliometric analysis, social protection, job loss, labor market policy, developing countries
Abstract
Unemployment protection has become a key element of social policy reform in developing economies, especially amid labor market volatility and global crises. This study conducts a bibliometric and systematic literature review (SLR) of 141 peer-reviewed articles on unemployment insurance and job loss protection from Scopus and Web of Science. Through performance analysis, co-occurrence mapping, and thematic synthesis, it identifies trends in publication growth, key journals, institutional contributors, and conceptual clusters. Research is largely concentrated in high-income countries and driven by multilateral organizations. Key themes include policy instruments, labor market integration, and geographic gaps. Indonesia’s Job Loss Security (JKP) is assessed against global trends, highlighting innovation and implementation challenges. Citation patterns reveal the value of collaboration and open-access publishing. The study informs both research and policy by offering insights into current developments and recommending strategies to improve design, coverage, and institutional coordination for more inclusive unemployment protection in the Global South.
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References
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Bank Indonesia (2022) Laporan Perekonomian Indonesia 2022. https://www.bi.go.id/id/publikasi/laporan/Documents/LPI_2022.pdf
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Jose, P (2008) The informal economy and social protection in Asia. Asian Development Review, 25(1), 1–13.
Kemnaker (2023) Evaluasi Nasional Program Jaminan Kehilangan Pekerjaan. Jakarta: Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan Republik Indonesia.
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Manacorda, M (2017) Informality and unemployment insurance in developing countries. Labour Economics, 48, 70–83.
Moffitt, R. A (2014) Unemployment benefits and unemployment. IZA World of Labor, (13), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.15185/izawol.13
Pignatti, C (2021) How do unemployment benefits affect employment duration and quality? International Labour Review, 160(2), 223–248.
Piwowar, H., Priem, J., Larivière, V., Alperin, J. P., Matthias, L., Norlander, B., Farley, A., West, J., & Haustein, S (2018) The state of OA: a large-scale analysis of the prevalence and impact of Open Access articles. PeerJ, 6, e4375. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4375
Ponniah, R (2020) Malaysia’s experience of launching the Employment Insurance System (EIS). https://eis-centre.perkeso.gov.my/
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Satoshi, U (2020) JICA Labor Policy Advisor. https://en.hellojapan.work/
Schmieder, J. F., & von Wachter, T (2016) The effects of unemployment insurance benefits: New evidence and interpretation. NBER Working Paper No. 22565.
Silitonga, C. O., & Solechan (2022) Prospek pemberian Jaminan Kehilangan Pekerjaan guna memberikan perlindungan hak pekerja dalam sistem hukum ketenagakerjaan. Administrative Law & Governance Journal, 5(1).
Storm, S (2019) Lost in deflation: Why inflation is not the problem. Development and Change, 50(2), 524–546.
Sugiyono (2011) Metode penelitian kuantitatif kualitatif dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta.
Tandon, A (2021) Social protection systems in the Pacific Island countries: Status, challenges, and opportunities. Asian Development Review, 38(1), 49–77.
Teitelbaum, E (2013) Unemployment benefits, job match quality, and productivity. Journal of Public Economics, 98, 74–88.
Thelen, K (2014) Varieties of liberalization and the new politics of social solidarity. Cambridge University Press.
Tomaskovic-Devey, D., et al (2020) Labor market polarization and inequality. Annual Review of Sociology, 46, 375–397.
Turner, J (2002) Social security and unemployment insurance. Social Security Bulletin, 64(3), 1–12.
UNDP (2020) COVID-19 and human development: Assessing the crisis, envisioning the recovery. United Nations Development Programme.
Wagner, C. S., & Leydesdorff, L (2005) Network structure, self-organization, and the growth of international collaboration in science. Research Policy, 34(10), 1608–1618. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2005.08.002
Wiryadi, K. J., & Novendra, B (2021) Job Loss Insurance Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic: Regulations, Benefits, and Comparisons with Other Countries. Jurnal Negara Hukum, 12(1).
World Bank (2021) Building Resilient Recovery: Social Protection Responses to COVID-19. Washington DC: World Bank.
Bank Indonesia (2022) Laporan Perekonomian Indonesia 2022. https://www.bi.go.id/id/publikasi/laporan/Documents/LPI_2022.pdf
Bornmann, L., & Daniel, H. D (2008) What do citation counts measure? A review of studies on citing behavior. Journal of Documentation, 64(1), 45–80. https://doi.org/10.1108/00220410810844150
Byung-Suk, C (2020) Employment policies & unemployment insurance systems in Korea. International Labour Organization. https://pearsonkorea.com/in-sights/Social-insurance-schemes-in-Korea.
Creswell, J. W (2010) Research design: pendekatan kualitatif, kuantitatif, dan mixed. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Falah, A. I., Febfauza, R., & Sari, N. K (2022) Polemik Penetapan Kebijakan Baru tentang Jaminan Hari Tua di Indonesia. Jurnal Administrasi Publik LAN RI, 18(1).
Fauzi, S., & Laksmono, B. S (2021) Implementasi kebijakan triple skilling dalam membangun sumber daya manusia terampil dan produktif. Jurnal Pembangunan Manusia, 2(2), 4.
Freeman, R (2010) Labor market institutions around the world. International Journal of Manpower, 31(3), 237–250. https://doi.org/10.1108/01437721011050634
Garfield, E (2006) The history and meaning of the journal impact factor. JAMA, 295(1), 90–93. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.295.1.90
Gentilini, U., Almenfi, M., Orton, I., & Dale, P (2020) Social Protection and Jobs Responses to COVID-19: A Real-Time Review of Country Measures (Version 13). World Bank.
Gentilini, U., et al (2021) Adaptive social protection in the COVID-19 response: Policy lessons for the future. World Bank Social Protection & Jobs Discussion Paper No. 2107.
Hanlon, J., Barrientos, A., & Hulme, D (2010) Just give money to the poor: The development revolution from the global South. Kumarian Press.
Haenssgen, M. J., Ariana, P., & Kim, M. S (2019) The social implications of data-driven decision-making. World Development, 117, 241–252.
International Labour Organization (2013) Comparative review of unemployment and employment insurance experiences in Asia and globally. ILO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific.
International Labour Organization (2020) International practice of income protection for unemployed persons: Implications for Indonesia. Jakarta: ILO.
International Labour Organization (2021) World Social Protection Report 2020–22: Social protection at the crossroads – in pursuit of a better future. Geneva: ILO.
Jose, P (2008) The informal economy and social protection in Asia. Asian Development Review, 25(1), 1–13.
Kemnaker (2023) Evaluasi Nasional Program Jaminan Kehilangan Pekerjaan. Jakarta: Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan Republik Indonesia.
Khoirunnisa, J (2023) Bareng serikat buruh, BPJS Ketenagakerjaan evaluasi program JKP. Detik Finance. https://finance.detik.com/berita-ekonomi-bisnis/d-6732845/
Kvist, J (2017) Denmark: A new unemployment insurance scheme for a future labor market. ESPN Flash Report No. 45.
Mahendrasusila, F (2021) Dampak Penyelenggaraan Program Jaminan Kehilangan Pekerjaan terhadap Sistem Jaminan Sosial Nasional di Indonesia. Jurnal Hukum Visio Justisia, 1(1), Juli.
Manacorda, M (2017) Informality and unemployment insurance in developing countries. Labour Economics, 48, 70–83.
Moffitt, R. A (2014) Unemployment benefits and unemployment. IZA World of Labor, (13), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.15185/izawol.13
Pignatti, C (2021) How do unemployment benefits affect employment duration and quality? International Labour Review, 160(2), 223–248.
Piwowar, H., Priem, J., Larivière, V., Alperin, J. P., Matthias, L., Norlander, B., Farley, A., West, J., & Haustein, S (2018) The state of OA: a large-scale analysis of the prevalence and impact of Open Access articles. PeerJ, 6, e4375. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4375
Ponniah, R (2020) Malaysia’s experience of launching the Employment Insurance System (EIS). https://eis-centre.perkeso.gov.my/
Razavi, S (2011) Engendering social security and protection. In Shahra Razavi (Ed.), The Gendered Impacts of Liberalization: Towards Embedded Liberalism? (pp. 79–106). Routledge.
Satoshi, U (2020) JICA Labor Policy Advisor. https://en.hellojapan.work/
Schmieder, J. F., & von Wachter, T (2016) The effects of unemployment insurance benefits: New evidence and interpretation. NBER Working Paper No. 22565.
Silitonga, C. O., & Solechan (2022) Prospek pemberian Jaminan Kehilangan Pekerjaan guna memberikan perlindungan hak pekerja dalam sistem hukum ketenagakerjaan. Administrative Law & Governance Journal, 5(1).
Storm, S (2019) Lost in deflation: Why inflation is not the problem. Development and Change, 50(2), 524–546.
Sugiyono (2011) Metode penelitian kuantitatif kualitatif dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta.
Tandon, A (2021) Social protection systems in the Pacific Island countries: Status, challenges, and opportunities. Asian Development Review, 38(1), 49–77.
Teitelbaum, E (2013) Unemployment benefits, job match quality, and productivity. Journal of Public Economics, 98, 74–88.
Thelen, K (2014) Varieties of liberalization and the new politics of social solidarity. Cambridge University Press.
Tomaskovic-Devey, D., et al (2020) Labor market polarization and inequality. Annual Review of Sociology, 46, 375–397.
Turner, J (2002) Social security and unemployment insurance. Social Security Bulletin, 64(3), 1–12.
UNDP (2020) COVID-19 and human development: Assessing the crisis, envisioning the recovery. United Nations Development Programme.
Wagner, C. S., & Leydesdorff, L (2005) Network structure, self-organization, and the growth of international collaboration in science. Research Policy, 34(10), 1608–1618. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2005.08.002
Wiryadi, K. J., & Novendra, B (2021) Job Loss Insurance Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic: Regulations, Benefits, and Comparisons with Other Countries. Jurnal Negara Hukum, 12(1).
World Bank (2021) Building Resilient Recovery: Social Protection Responses to COVID-19. Washington DC: World Bank.
Authors
Putri, I. A., Hamzah, M. Z. and Sofilda, E. (2025) “The Performance of the Job Loss Security Scheme in Indonesia: A Systematic Literature Review and Bibliometric Analysis”, Jurnal Ketenagakerjaan, 20(2), pp. 163–185. doi: 10.47198/jnaker.v20i2.631.
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