Revitalization of BLKK to Achieve Sustainable Independence through Synergy and Diversification of Funding Sources
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Vol. 19 No. 3 (2024)
Keywords:
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Community Work Training Center (BLKK), independence and sustainability, funding diversification
Abstract
This research aims to overcome the challenges of sustainability and suitability of Community Job Training Centers (BLKK) in meeting the needs of a rapidly growing job market. With a focus on diversifying funding sources and strengthening synergies between the government, private sector and community, this research develops an adaptive BLKK sustainability model to improve the quality of human resources relevant to industrial needs. A qualitative approach with case studies analyses BLKKs that have achieved independence, highlighting independent funding, partnerships with the business world, and good governance. The research results identified BLKK's main challenges, including dependence on government funding, the need for partnerships with the business world, and limited resource management. It was found that successful BLKKs have characteristics such as transparent governance, strategic partnerships with the business world, and diversification of funding sources. This research suggests policies that can increase institutional capacity, strengthen collaboration with the private sector, and encourage diverse funding sources to reduce dependence on government funds.
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References
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Ernawati, E. (2021). Implementation of the Learning Process: Efforts to Improve the Quality of Vocational Education Graduates. Jurnal Pendidikan Vokasi, 11(2), 243–253. https://doi.org/10.21831/jpv.v11i3.44049
Fajarwati, S., Sarmini, S., & Septiana, Y. (2018). Evaluasi Tata Kelola Teknologi Informasi Menggunakan Kerangka Kerja COBIT 5. Juita Jurnal Informatika, 6(2), 73. https://doi.org/10.30595/juita.v6i2.2019
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Grunwald, G., Schwill, J., & Sassenberg, A.-M. (2021). Sustainability Project Partnerships in Times of Crisis: Conceptual Framework and Implications for Stakeholder Integration. Journal of Entrepreneurship and Public Policy, 10(3), 352–378. https://doi.org/10.1108/jepp-04-2021-0044
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Jubaedah, Y. (2023). Pelathan Keterampilan Vokasi Berbasis Life Skills Sebagai Program Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Bagi Remaja Terdampak Gempa Di Cianjur. LeKaEdu, 3(2), 115–122. https://doi.org/10.17509/lekaedu.v3i2.63695
Kadar, K., Andriani, A., & Tandi, D. N. (2019). Exploring Mental Health Nursing Practice in Indonesian Rural Area. Journal of Public Mental Health, 19(2), 119–126. https://doi.org/10.1108/jpmh-11-2018-0078
Kholil, M., & Hadiprayitno, S. (2020). Trainees’ Perceptions on Project-Based Learning in Computer Graphic Design Training. International Journal of Management and Humanities, 4(9), 30–33. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijmh.i0849.054920
Kurnia, T. W., Iskandar, A., & Hernawan, D. (2019). Efektivitas Program Pelatihan Keterampilan Berbasis Masyarakat (Kk Miskin) Oleh Dinas Tenaga Kerja Dan Transmigrasi Kota Bogor. Jurnal Sosial Humaniora, 10(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.30997/jsh.v10i1.1714
Kusnadi, I. H. (2020). Efektifitas Program Pelatihan Berbasis Kompetensi Pada Unit Pelaksana Teknis Daerah Balai Latihan Kerja Di Kabupaten Subang. The World of Public Administration Journal, 103–124. https://doi.org/10.37950/paj.vi.739
Lambini, C. K., Goeschl, A., Wäsch, M., & Wittau, M. (2021). Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals Through Company Staff Vocational Training—The Case of the Federal Institute for Vocational Education and Training (BIBB) INEBB Project. Education Sciences, 11(4), 179. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci11040179
Lee, C., Wu, W., & Yang, C.-F. (2019). Employees’ Perceptions of Training and Sustainability of Human Resource. Sustainability, 11(17), 4622. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11174622
López-Pérez, M. E., Melero, I., & Sesé, F. J. (2017). Does Specific CSR Training for Managers Impact Shareholder Value? Implications for Education in Sustainable Development. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 24(5), 435–448. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.1418
Martawardaya, B. (2023). Indonesia Employment Outlook 2023. https://doi.org/10.47198/outlook.2023
Menon, S., Suresh, M., & Raman, R. (2021). Enablers Facilitating Industry-Academia, Transnational education and University-Community Partnering Agility in Higher Education. Higher Education Skills and Work-Based Learning, 12(3), 604–626. https://doi.org/10.1108/heswbl-04-2021-0067
Mirela, T., & Santosa, S. (2022). Pelatihan Dan Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia Dalam Lembaga Pendidikan Islam. J-Mpi (Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam), 7(1), 44–54. https://doi.org/10.18860/jmpi.v7i1.13981
Nganda, A. T., Kirimi, F., & Nyambura, S. (2021). An Exploration of Funding Avenues in Technical, Vocational Education and Training That Promote Gender Equity of Students in Uganda. International Journal of Vocational Education and Training Research, 7(2), 50. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijvetr.20210702.12
Nuraeni, Y., Yuliastuti, A., Nasution, F. A. P., Muharam, A. S., & Iqbal, F. (2022). Peran Balai Latihan Kerja (BLK) Komunitas Dalam Menyediakan Tenaga Kerja Pada Dunia Usaha Dan Industri. Jurnal Ketenagakerjaan, 17(1). https://doi.org/10.47198/naker.v17i1.124
Nuzula, F., Tobing, H., Warsida, R. Y., Suwadji, Y. T., Nasution, F. A. P., Annazah, N. S., & Muhyiddin. (2023). Grand Design SIAPkerja-ID. https://doi.org/10.47198/pwp.v1i1-12
Piatak, J. S. (2021). Within Source Diversification When the Going Gets Tough: Examining Alterations to Human Service Nonprofit Funding by Levels of Government. Journal of Health and Human Services Administration, 44(1), 45–66. https://doi.org/10.37808/jhhsa.44.1.3
Qu, H. (2019). Risk and Diversification of Nonprofit Revenue Portfolios: Applying Modern Portfolio Theory to Nonprofit Revenue Management. Nonprofit Management and Leadership, 30(2), 193–212. https://doi.org/10.1002/nml.21385
Rachmah, A. A. (2024). Penguatan Partisipasi Nasabah Bank Sampah Melalui Tata Kelola Kelembagaan. Jurnal Sains Komunikasi Dan Pengembangan Masyarakat [Jskpm], 8(01), 56–68. https://doi.org/10.29244/jskpm.v8i01.1286
Raharjo, B. (2017). Penerapan Weill-Ross Model Dalam Tata Kelola Teknologi Informasi Di Perguruan Tinggi. Jurnal Nasional Teknologi Dan Sistem Informasi, 3(1), 109–116. https://doi.org/10.25077/teknosi.v3i1.2017.109-116
Rifandini, R. (2022). Kebijakan Inovatif Tata Kelola Air Bersih Desa Melalui Dinamika Tipologi Kelembagaan. Matra Pembaruan, 6(2), 83–94. https://doi.org/10.21787/mp.6.2.2022.83-94
Rodríguez, J. (2018). An Empirical Study of Regional Mutual Funds’ Diversification Value. Applied Finance Letters, 7(1), 22–31. https://doi.org/10.24135/afl.v7i1.80
Rozaini, N. (2023). Pengaruh Upah Minimum Dan Pendidikan Terhadap Produktivitas Tenaga Kerja Di Kota Medan. Niagawan, 12(3), 142. https://doi.org/10.24114/niaga.v12i3.47378
Saraswati, B. D., Krisnawati, Y. D., & Adhitya, D. (2022). Determinan Penyerapan Tenaga Kerja 34 Provinsi Di Indonesia: Pendekatan Fixed Effect Model. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Ekonomi & Akuntansi (Mea), 6(3), 1139–1156. https://doi.org/10.31955/mea.v6i3.2218
Setiadi, A. P., Wibowo, Y. I., Setiawan, E., Mulyono, I., Wardhani, S. A., & Sunderland, B. (2020). Strategies to Implement Community Training to Promote Responsible Self-Medication in Indonesia: A Qualitative Study of Trainers. International Health, 14(4), 398–404. https://doi.org/10.1093/inthealth/ihz115
Suryono, I. L., Yossina Warsida, R., Maryani, Rita, & Yani, R. A. A. (2022). Efektivitas Balai Latihan Kerja Komunitas dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Tenaga Kerja. Jurnal Ketenagakerjaan, 17(1). https://doi.org/10.47198/naker.v17i1.125
Toner, P. (2014). Contracting Out Publicly Funded Vocational Education: A Transaction Cost Critique. The Economic and Labour Relations Review, 25(2), 222–239. https://doi.org/10.1177/1035304614533624
Wibowo, S. A. (2023). Evaluasi Pelatihan Vokasi Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan Selama Periode Pandemi Covid-19 (2021). Jane - Jurnal Administrasi Negara, 14(2), 641. https://doi.org/10.24198/jane.v14i2.45193
Wieland, C. (2015). Germany’s Dual Vocational-Training System: Possibilities for and Limitations to Transferability. Local Economy the Journal of the Local Economy Policy Unit, 30(5), 577–583. https://doi.org/10.1177/0269094215589318
Zhao, J., & Lu, J. (2019). The Crowding?out Effect Within Government Funding: Implications for Within?source Diversification. Nonprofit Management and Leadership, 29(4), 611–622. https://doi.org/10.1002/nml.21351
Ananda, Y. F., Flora, E. F. H., Hana, N. N., & Wibawani, S. (2021). Efektivitas Program Pelatihan Berbasis Kompetensi Di Upt BLK Surabaya Dalam Mengurangi Pengangguran. Publica Jurnal Administrasi Pembangunan Dan Kebijakan Publik, 12(2), 128. https://doi.org/10.33772/publica.v12i2.18133
Astuti, I. I. (2023). Kebijakan Making Indonesia 4.0 Dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Kualitas Sumber Daya Manusia (Sdm) Yang Kompeten. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Muhammadiyah Aceh, 13(2). https://doi.org/10.37598/jimma.v13i2.1864
Camargo, J., Lima, L., Riva, F. L. R., & Souza, A. P. (2021). Technical Education, Non-Cognitive Skills and Labor Market Outcomes: Experimental Evidence From Brazil. Iza Journal of Labor Economics, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.2478/izajole-2021-0002
Dao, Y. (2021). Construction of Management Model of Vocational Education Based on Data Analysis. 69–78. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87903-7_11
Ernawati, E. (2021). Implementation of the Learning Process: Efforts to Improve the Quality of Vocational Education Graduates. Jurnal Pendidikan Vokasi, 11(2), 243–253. https://doi.org/10.21831/jpv.v11i3.44049
Fajarwati, S., Sarmini, S., & Septiana, Y. (2018). Evaluasi Tata Kelola Teknologi Informasi Menggunakan Kerangka Kerja COBIT 5. Juita Jurnal Informatika, 6(2), 73. https://doi.org/10.30595/juita.v6i2.2019
Fakhira, H. N. (2022). Model Operasional Pelatihan Pada Balai Latihan Kerja Tasikmalaya Dalam Menyiapkan Tenaga Kerja Profesional. Lej, 2(2), 138–143. https://doi.org/10.59935/lej.v2i2.126
Gomes-Machado, M. L., Santos, F. H. d., Schöen, T. H., & Chiari, B. M. (2016). Effects of Vocational Training on a Group of People With Intellectual Disabilities. Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities, 13(1), 33–40. https://doi.org/10.1111/jppi.12144
Grunwald, G., Schwill, J., & Sassenberg, A.-M. (2021). Sustainability Project Partnerships in Times of Crisis: Conceptual Framework and Implications for Stakeholder Integration. Journal of Entrepreneurship and Public Policy, 10(3), 352–378. https://doi.org/10.1108/jepp-04-2021-0044
Hidayat, A. N., & Konidin, T. (2023). Strategi Pembiayaan Pendidikan Pelatihan Kerja Di BLK Komunitas Ponpes Al-Aitaam. Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Dan Budaya, 1(3), 17–26. https://doi.org/10.55606/jpbb.v1i3.990
Iwu, C. G., Opute, P., Nchu, R. M., Eresia-Eke, C. E., Tengeh, R. K., Jaiyeoba, O., & Aliyu, O. A. (2021). Entrepreneurship Education, Curriculum and Lecturer-Competency as Antecedents of Student Entrepreneurial Intention. The International Journal of Management Education, 19(1), 100295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2019.03.007
Jubaedah, Y. (2023). Pelathan Keterampilan Vokasi Berbasis Life Skills Sebagai Program Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Bagi Remaja Terdampak Gempa Di Cianjur. LeKaEdu, 3(2), 115–122. https://doi.org/10.17509/lekaedu.v3i2.63695
Kadar, K., Andriani, A., & Tandi, D. N. (2019). Exploring Mental Health Nursing Practice in Indonesian Rural Area. Journal of Public Mental Health, 19(2), 119–126. https://doi.org/10.1108/jpmh-11-2018-0078
Kholil, M., & Hadiprayitno, S. (2020). Trainees’ Perceptions on Project-Based Learning in Computer Graphic Design Training. International Journal of Management and Humanities, 4(9), 30–33. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijmh.i0849.054920
Kurnia, T. W., Iskandar, A., & Hernawan, D. (2019). Efektivitas Program Pelatihan Keterampilan Berbasis Masyarakat (Kk Miskin) Oleh Dinas Tenaga Kerja Dan Transmigrasi Kota Bogor. Jurnal Sosial Humaniora, 10(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.30997/jsh.v10i1.1714
Kusnadi, I. H. (2020). Efektifitas Program Pelatihan Berbasis Kompetensi Pada Unit Pelaksana Teknis Daerah Balai Latihan Kerja Di Kabupaten Subang. The World of Public Administration Journal, 103–124. https://doi.org/10.37950/paj.vi.739
Lambini, C. K., Goeschl, A., Wäsch, M., & Wittau, M. (2021). Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals Through Company Staff Vocational Training—The Case of the Federal Institute for Vocational Education and Training (BIBB) INEBB Project. Education Sciences, 11(4), 179. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci11040179
Lee, C., Wu, W., & Yang, C.-F. (2019). Employees’ Perceptions of Training and Sustainability of Human Resource. Sustainability, 11(17), 4622. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11174622
López-Pérez, M. E., Melero, I., & Sesé, F. J. (2017). Does Specific CSR Training for Managers Impact Shareholder Value? Implications for Education in Sustainable Development. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 24(5), 435–448. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.1418
Martawardaya, B. (2023). Indonesia Employment Outlook 2023. https://doi.org/10.47198/outlook.2023
Menon, S., Suresh, M., & Raman, R. (2021). Enablers Facilitating Industry-Academia, Transnational education and University-Community Partnering Agility in Higher Education. Higher Education Skills and Work-Based Learning, 12(3), 604–626. https://doi.org/10.1108/heswbl-04-2021-0067
Mirela, T., & Santosa, S. (2022). Pelatihan Dan Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia Dalam Lembaga Pendidikan Islam. J-Mpi (Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam), 7(1), 44–54. https://doi.org/10.18860/jmpi.v7i1.13981
Nganda, A. T., Kirimi, F., & Nyambura, S. (2021). An Exploration of Funding Avenues in Technical, Vocational Education and Training That Promote Gender Equity of Students in Uganda. International Journal of Vocational Education and Training Research, 7(2), 50. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijvetr.20210702.12
Nuraeni, Y., Yuliastuti, A., Nasution, F. A. P., Muharam, A. S., & Iqbal, F. (2022). Peran Balai Latihan Kerja (BLK) Komunitas Dalam Menyediakan Tenaga Kerja Pada Dunia Usaha Dan Industri. Jurnal Ketenagakerjaan, 17(1). https://doi.org/10.47198/naker.v17i1.124
Nuzula, F., Tobing, H., Warsida, R. Y., Suwadji, Y. T., Nasution, F. A. P., Annazah, N. S., & Muhyiddin. (2023). Grand Design SIAPkerja-ID. https://doi.org/10.47198/pwp.v1i1-12
Piatak, J. S. (2021). Within Source Diversification When the Going Gets Tough: Examining Alterations to Human Service Nonprofit Funding by Levels of Government. Journal of Health and Human Services Administration, 44(1), 45–66. https://doi.org/10.37808/jhhsa.44.1.3
Qu, H. (2019). Risk and Diversification of Nonprofit Revenue Portfolios: Applying Modern Portfolio Theory to Nonprofit Revenue Management. Nonprofit Management and Leadership, 30(2), 193–212. https://doi.org/10.1002/nml.21385
Rachmah, A. A. (2024). Penguatan Partisipasi Nasabah Bank Sampah Melalui Tata Kelola Kelembagaan. Jurnal Sains Komunikasi Dan Pengembangan Masyarakat [Jskpm], 8(01), 56–68. https://doi.org/10.29244/jskpm.v8i01.1286
Raharjo, B. (2017). Penerapan Weill-Ross Model Dalam Tata Kelola Teknologi Informasi Di Perguruan Tinggi. Jurnal Nasional Teknologi Dan Sistem Informasi, 3(1), 109–116. https://doi.org/10.25077/teknosi.v3i1.2017.109-116
Rifandini, R. (2022). Kebijakan Inovatif Tata Kelola Air Bersih Desa Melalui Dinamika Tipologi Kelembagaan. Matra Pembaruan, 6(2), 83–94. https://doi.org/10.21787/mp.6.2.2022.83-94
Rodríguez, J. (2018). An Empirical Study of Regional Mutual Funds’ Diversification Value. Applied Finance Letters, 7(1), 22–31. https://doi.org/10.24135/afl.v7i1.80
Rozaini, N. (2023). Pengaruh Upah Minimum Dan Pendidikan Terhadap Produktivitas Tenaga Kerja Di Kota Medan. Niagawan, 12(3), 142. https://doi.org/10.24114/niaga.v12i3.47378
Saraswati, B. D., Krisnawati, Y. D., & Adhitya, D. (2022). Determinan Penyerapan Tenaga Kerja 34 Provinsi Di Indonesia: Pendekatan Fixed Effect Model. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Ekonomi & Akuntansi (Mea), 6(3), 1139–1156. https://doi.org/10.31955/mea.v6i3.2218
Setiadi, A. P., Wibowo, Y. I., Setiawan, E., Mulyono, I., Wardhani, S. A., & Sunderland, B. (2020). Strategies to Implement Community Training to Promote Responsible Self-Medication in Indonesia: A Qualitative Study of Trainers. International Health, 14(4), 398–404. https://doi.org/10.1093/inthealth/ihz115
Suryono, I. L., Yossina Warsida, R., Maryani, Rita, & Yani, R. A. A. (2022). Efektivitas Balai Latihan Kerja Komunitas dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Tenaga Kerja. Jurnal Ketenagakerjaan, 17(1). https://doi.org/10.47198/naker.v17i1.125
Toner, P. (2014). Contracting Out Publicly Funded Vocational Education: A Transaction Cost Critique. The Economic and Labour Relations Review, 25(2), 222–239. https://doi.org/10.1177/1035304614533624
Wibowo, S. A. (2023). Evaluasi Pelatihan Vokasi Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan Selama Periode Pandemi Covid-19 (2021). Jane - Jurnal Administrasi Negara, 14(2), 641. https://doi.org/10.24198/jane.v14i2.45193
Wieland, C. (2015). Germany’s Dual Vocational-Training System: Possibilities for and Limitations to Transferability. Local Economy the Journal of the Local Economy Policy Unit, 30(5), 577–583. https://doi.org/10.1177/0269094215589318
Zhao, J., & Lu, J. (2019). The Crowding?out Effect Within Government Funding: Implications for Within?source Diversification. Nonprofit Management and Leadership, 29(4), 611–622. https://doi.org/10.1002/nml.21351
Authors
Nuraeni, Y., Yuliastuti, A., Nasution, F. A. P. and Iqbal, F. (2024) “Revitalization of BLKK to Achieve Sustainable Independence through Synergy and Diversification of Funding Sources”, Jurnal Ketenagakerjaan, 19(3), pp. 331–349. doi: 10.47198/jnaker.v19i3.432.
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